Developing Spatial Models that incorporate Qualitative Data

I am currently working on a project analyzing settlement patterns of African Americans on the property of the Montpelier Foundation in Orange, Virginia. My dissertation research will be looking at transitions within the community from the late antebellum up to the turn of the 20th century. The vast majority of material on Agent-Based modeling that I have seen is primarily based off of information obtained by interviews with researchers. I would like to identify historic resources that could be used in similar ways to develop higher quality spatial models of shifting settlement patterns. Does anyone have any suggestions? Projects I should look up? Things to read?